The proposed Bill of Rights includes twelve amendments passed by the House and Senate of the first United States Congress and submitted to the states for ratification. One of the main objections to the Constitution by the Antifederalists was that it did not contain a bill of rights. James Madison—initially an opponent of a bill of rights—crafted 19 amendments, which he hoped to add to the text of the Constitution. After submitting the plan to the House and Senate, the number of amendments was reduced to 12, and Congress decided they should be added to the document as amendments upon ratification, rather than to the text of the Constitution itself. In 1791, 10 of the amendments were ratified by the requisite three-quarters of states, becoming what is now known as the Bill of Rights. One of the amendments that was not ratified set a plan for how many citizens a Member of the House would represent; it was approved by ten states, one shy of the threshold for ratification. The second proposed amendment, regulating Congressional pay increases, was only approved by seven states. It would eventually be revisited in 1992 and ratified as the 27th Amendment.